Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

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Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the \”Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1\” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

Solution

Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Qualitative Studies

Background of Study

            In summary, the two studies selected for review had the researchers establish the efficacy of implementing sepsis care bundles/ protocols or guidelines from different perspectives. Tarrant et al. (2016) found that the Sepsis Six care bundle’s implementation requires nurses to concentrate on individual behavior change to improve reliability through coordination of workflow among other factors. Similarly, Konig et al. (2018) after a literature search and subsequent review determined that more studies using both SF-36 and EQ-5D instruments to study health-related quality of life (HRQL) concerning what is the prerogative need to most sepsis survivors. Their significance in nursing is that their findings impact the strategies and measures that nurse professionals should adopt to improve ICU patient outcomes through sepsis care optimization.

The purpose of the ethnographic study conducted in Scotland, UK by was to decrease the mortality rate in sepsis patients where the objective was to develop a reliable sepsis bundle by addressing the barriers that hinder the successful implementation of such a bundle in frontline clinical practice (Tarrant et al., 2016). As explicitly stated by Konig et al. (2018), the study conducted in a Germany University Hospital understood how sepsis survivors view HRQL by identifying the main HRQL domains for sepsis patients. The essence of each of the research question addressed by the researchers was ‘In what ways can the Sepsis Six be implemented in frontline clinical practices?’ and ‘What ate the important HRQL domains for sepsis survivors?’ for the UK and Germany studies respectively.

How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?

            The two articles are relevant to my proposed PICOT question. The findings of the implementation of the Sepsis Six clinical practice care bundle would be instrumental in enhancing the efficacy of the proposed intervention –the Novel Sepsis Protocol (NSP). Likewise, understanding the factors that dominate the needs of a sepsis survivor would yield better patient outcomes and reduce the patients’ hospital length of stay.

            To address their research question, Tarrant and fellow investigators used the Sepsis Six intervention that focused on education, staff engagement reinforced by adequate motivation, and offering prompts for behavior modification where the required equipment was also available. The literature review guided by an open-ended interview where 15 sepsis survivors were purposively sampled helped identify the 11 domains that include but are not limited to psychological impairment, fatigue, and physical impairment as the overarching concept of every sepsis survivor is to have an everyday life. Incorporating these interventions’ findings and conclusions to the NSP project is bound to make sepsis care optimization a feasible and sustainable endeavor across clinical settings, particularly in the ICU.

Tarrant et al. (2016) Early Warning Scores to incorporate clinical sepsis criteria where the intervention group (where all 15 territorial health boards participated) had the Sepsis Care bundle applied within an hour. Since all the health boards were to participate, the comparison group is baseline data before the grounded theory study focusing on ethnography. Konig et al. (2018) comparison group which would be the equivalent of the control group would be the sepsis survivors who were before the qualitative study identifying the 11 domains who reported that HRQL domains were not captured by the SF-36 and EQ-5D(the two QoL instruments in studying the ICU survivorship. The pre-intervention data would represent in the control group of patients in the proposed intervention as the nurses who attend to these patients continue using the standard sepsis care compared to other inpatients who will be attended to by nurses taking part in the NSP education program.

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Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations
Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations

Method of Study:

            Hospitals in Scotland have embraced the Scottish Patient Safety Program (SPSP) sepsis and Venous thromboembolism(VTE) in a collaborative manner where the researchers using a grounded theory approach focusing on ethnography which methodology wise differs with a literature search and subsequent literature review adopted by their German counterparts in Germany University Hospital. The defining features of an ethnography are that its research focus seeks to describe and interpret a culture sharing group where in this context the unit of analysis was the Scottish patients, unlike a literature review approach which is essentially narrative research exploring the life of an individual (sepsis survivor) where the unit of analysis are the sepsis survivors interviewed.

            Using an ethnographic approach in their qualitative stud, these researchers have the main advantage of identifying and identifying unexpected issues, unlike in other studies, when an investigator can easily miss unexpected issues. The reason is that other studies are not based on in-situ observation or interaction. Additionally, ethnography can deliver a detailed and faithful representation of a user’s behavior and attitudes. Be that as it may, ethnographic studies have the limitation that the participants may not act naturally during a short study. Using a literature review (of a narrative nature in the selected article) offers the investigators the advantage of flexibility. They can customize the review contents according to the context besides not creating an illusion of objectivity. However, the narrative review has the limitation is their overreliance on the narrator’s skills amongst other weaknesses.

Results of Study

            Tarrant et al. (2016) found that implementation strategies to promote adherence to Sepsis Six mainly relied on staff engagement, motivation, and education. According to them, completion of this clinical practice bundle was not definite within one hour. Subsequently, these researchers averred that the Sepsis Six should not be limited to the six steps but should seamlessly incorporate other multiple and interdependent tasks that range from prioritization to schedule to address the problems that emerge definitively. Konig et al. (2018) also identified 11 domains that sufficiently helped them answer their research question. These domains highlighted the need for the patient to control their lives and the significance of their family support in healing them to lead an everyday life again.

            Within the nursing practice, the two studies’ findings and conclusions help the nurse practitioner of the 2020s and beyond to come up with innovative ways that not only maximize sepsis care but also decrease the inpatients’ length of stay and decreased mortality rates. To realize these outcomes, the trained nurse has to take measures that prevent sepsis and avoid its complications through timely diagnosis and prompt treatment.

.Ethical Considerations

            The Intercollegiate Center for Nursing Education (ICNE) identifies five general principles on guidelines for ethical conduct when carrying out nursing research. These are respect for persons, respect for community, beneficence, justice, and contextual caring. Due to the limited scope of this research critique, only two will be highlighted. Ethical Principle 1 requires that the researcher must ensure that no research should harm the study participants. In cases where the participants are exposed to harm or discomfort, there has to be a strong justification for this by illustrating how the harm will be reduced, informed consent attained and a detailed debriefing to follow. These include physical harm, psychological distress, socio-economic harm/ disadvantage and an invasion of the subject’s privacy. Ethical Principle 2 requires the researcher to get informed consent from the participants. This principle means the subjects understand why they are taking part in the research, what the research requires them, the research purpose, methods being used possible outcomes and associated demands, discomforts and possible risks. Furthermore, all participants should be volunteers, not deceived or coerced. 

In the selected articles, the two groups of researchers dutifully conducted their studies within the principles of ethical considerations. Each obtained informed consent from the participants and saw that ethical approval was secured from the respective IRB.

References

Tarrant, C., O’Donnell, B., Martin, G., Bion, J., Hunter, A., & Rooney, K. D. (2016). A complex endeavour: an ethnographic study of the implementation of the Sepsis Six clinical care bundle. Implementation Science11(1), 149.

König, C., Matt, B., Kortgen, A., Turnbull, A. E., & Hartog, C. S. (2019). What matters most to sepsis survivors: a qualitative analysis to identify specific health-related quality of life domains. Quality of Life Research28(3), 637-647.

Question

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the \”Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1\” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two qualitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide,

Related FAQs

1. What is ethical consideration in a qualitative research?

Ethical consideration in a qualitative research can be said to involve steps aimed at ensuring the protection of human subjects. Arifin (2018) argues that it in all stages of a qualitative study, it is crucial to consider ethical issues.

2. Why is interaction between researchers and participants in qualitative research challenging?

Abstract Considering the nature of qualitative studies, the interaction between researchers and participants can be ethically challenging for the former, as they are personally involved in different stages of the study. Therefore, formulation of specific ethical guidelines in this respect seems to be essential.

3. What are the ethical dilemmas faced by qualitative researchers?

However, qualitative researchers face unique, and often ambiguous, ethical dilemmas in disseminating these rich data. One such dilemma involves finding the right balance between conveying detailed, accurate accounts of the social world, and protecting the identities of the individuals who live in that particular social world [ 51 ].

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