This article provides Sample PICOT Questions Examples
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The first step of the evidence-based practice process is to evaluate a nursing practice environment to identify a nursing problem in the clinical area. When a nursing problem is discovered, the nurse researcher develops a clinical guiding question to address that nursing practice problem.
For this assignment, you will create a clinical guiding question know as a PICOT question. The PICOT question must be relevant to a nursing practice problem. To support your PICOT question, identify six supporting peer-revised research articles, as indicated below. The PICOT question and six peer-reviewed research articles you choose will be utilized for subsequent assignments.
Workplace Violence against Nurses
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) workplace violence involves incidents where staff are abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances related to their work, or involving an explicit or implicit challenge to their safety, well-being or health. In a Joint commission by the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) and the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA), highlight that about 70% of emergency nurses report being hit and kicked while on the job (American College of Emergency Physicians, 2018; Emergency Nurses Association, 2018). The prevalence of workplace violence has been rising in the past decade with the National Nurses United (NNU) (2016) highlighting that between 2005 and 2014, rates of workplace violence incidents have increased 110% in private industry hospitals. The vulnerability of nurses in the clinical settings varies with Emergency nurses and other ED staff and psychiatric nurses having a higher occupational risk for WPV, including both verbal and physical assaults (NNU, 2016).
Even though violence from patients or visitors toward nurses falls under Type II of National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) classification of WPV violence in healthcare, incidents are underreported are remain inevitable for most nurses (Benyon, 2016). A study by Vrablik et al. (2019) indicates that Nurses and the other ED practitioners have accepted that WPV is an almost daily occurrence, and physical abuse is common. The study points out that the violence had an effect on care provision as the nurses felt burn out, fatigued, worn out, and faced mental stressed daily.
The a Joint commission (2018) by ACEP and ENA suggests the use of Interventions and Response training modules to educate, train, and prepare nurses, and managers on how to recognize and mitigate all types of violence.
PICOT Questions
For emergency nurses and staff (ED);
(P) Does the use of Interventions and Response training Courses (I) help in recognizing and mitigating all workplace violence (O) compared to the existing no-training approach (C)?
Population Problem: Emergency nurses and staff (ED):
Intervention: Interventions and Response training Courses
Comparison: No preoperative use of education and training on workplace violence.
Outcome: Reduce the number of all workplace violence.
Time: Within a period of 30 days
Literature Evaluation Table
| Criteria | Article 1 | Article 2 | Article 3 | Article 4 | Article 5 | Article 6 |
| Author , journal | Arnetz, J., Hamblin, L. E., Sudan, S., & Arnetz, B. | Beattie, J., Griffiths, D., Innes, K., & Morphet, J. (2019). | Henderson, L., Kamp, B., Niedbalski, K., Abraham, S. P., & Gillum, D. R. (2018). | Najafi, F., Fallahi‐Khoshknab, M., Ahmadi, F., Dalvandi, A., & Rahgozar, M. | Vagharseyyedin, S. A. | Vrablik, M. C., MD, Chipman, A. K., Rosenman, E. D., Simcox, N. J., Huynh, L., Moore, M., & Fernandez, R. |
| Article title and year published | 2018 Organizational determinants of workplace violence against hospital workers. | 2019 Workplace violence perpetrated by clients of health care: A need for safety and trauma‐informed care. Journal of clinical nursing 2019 | 2018 Nurses’ Perspectives on Patient and Visitor Violence: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Studies in Nursing, | 2018 Antecedents and consequences of workplace violence against nurses: A qualitative study. Journal of clinical nursin | (2016). Nurses’ perspectives on workplace mistreatment: A qualitative study. Nursing & health sciences. | (2019). Identification of processes that mediate the impact of workplace violence on emergency department healthcare workers in the USA: results from a qualitative study. BMJ open, |
| Design | Quantitative | Quantitative | Quantitative | Qualitative | Qualitative | Qualitative |
Peer‐reviewed research articles (Quantitative)
- Identification of processes that mediate the impact of workplace violence on emergency department healthcare workers in the USA: results from a qualitative study: Retrieved from https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/8/e031781
- Antecedents and consequences of workplace violence against nurses: A qualitative study: Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jocn.13884
- Workplace violence perpetrated by clients of health care: A need for safety and trauma‐informed care: Retrieved from Https://Onlinelibrary.Wiley.Com/Doi/Abs/10.1111/Jocn.13884
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Peer‐reviewed research articles (Qualitative)
- Nurses’ Perspectives on Patient and Visitor Violence: A Qualitative Study. Retrieved from http://journal.julypress.com/index.php/ijsn/article/view/427
- Nurses’ perspectives on workplace mistreatment: A qualitative study: Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nhs.12236
- Organizational Determinants of Workplace Violence Against Hospital Workers: Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6086761/
References
American College of Emergency Physicians. (2018). Violence in the emergency department: Resources for a safer workplace. Retrieved from https://www.acep.org/administration/violence-in-the-emergencydepartment-resources-for-a-safer-workplace/
Arnetz, J., Hamblin, L. E., Sudan, S., & Arnetz, B. (2018). Organizational determinants of workplace violence against hospital workers. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 60(8), 693.
Beattie, J., Griffiths, D., Innes, K., & Morphet, J. (2019). Workplace violence perpetrated by clients of health care: A need for safety and trauma‐informed care. Journal of clinical nursing, 28(1-2), 116-124.
Benyon, B. (2016). Violence against Nurses: A Major Issue in Healthcare. Retrieved 17 November 2019, from https://www.oncnursingnews.com/web-exclusives/violence-against-nurses-a-major-issue-in-healthcare
Emergency Nurses Association. (2019). Workplace violence. https://www.ena.org/practiceresources/workplace-violence
Henderson, L., Kamp, B., Niedbalski, K., Abraham, S. P., & Gillum, D. R. (2018). Nurses’ Perspectives on Patient and Visitor Violence: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Studies in Nursing, 3(2), 117.
Najafi, F., Fallahi‐Khoshknab, M., Ahmadi, F., Dalvandi, A., & Rahgozar, M. (2018). Antecedents and consequences of workplace violence against nurses: A qualitative study. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(1-2), e116-e128.
National Nurses United. (2016). National Nurses United Petitions Federal OSHA for Workplace Violence Prevention Standard. Retrieved 17 November 2019, from https://www.nationalnursesunited.org/press/national-nurses-united-petitions-federal-osha-workplace-violence-prevention-standard
The Joint Commission. (2018). Physical and verbal violence against health care workers. Sentinel Event Alert, 59, 1–9. Retrieved from https://www.jointcommission.org/assets/1/18/SEA_59_Workplace_ violence_4_13_18_FINAL.pdf
Vagharseyyedin, S. A. (2016). Nurses’ perspectives on workplace mistreatment: A qualitative study. Nursing & health sciences, 18(1), 70-78
Vrablik, M. C., MD, Chipman, A. K., Rosenman, E. D., Simcox, N. J., Huynh, L., Moore, M., & Fernandez, R. (2019). Identification of processes that mediate the impact of workplace violence on emergency department healthcare workers in the USA: results from a qualitative study. BMJ open, 9(8), e031781. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031781
World Health Organization. (2002). Framework guidelines for addressing workplace violence in the health sector. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/interpersonal/en/WVguidelinesEN.pdf?ua=1
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Paper details
The first step of the evidence-based practice process is to evaluate a nursing practice environment to identify a nursing problem in the clinical area. When a nursing problem is discovered, the nurse researcher develops a clinical guiding question to address that nursing practice problem.
For this assignment, you will create a clinical guiding question know as a PICOT question. The PICOT question must be relevant to a nursing practice problem. To support your PICOT question, identify six supporting peer-revised research articles, as indicated below. The PICOT question and six peer-reviewed research articles you choose will be utilized for subsequent assignments.
Use the \”Literature Evaluation Table\” to complete this assignment.
- Select a nursing practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research. Start with the patient population and identify a clinical problem or issue that arises from the patient population. In 200–250 words, provide a summary of the clinical issue.
- Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT question in your selected nursing practice problem area of interest. The PICOT question should be applicable to your proposed capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study).
- The PICOT question will provide a framework for your capstone project.
- Conduct a literature search to locate six research articles focused on your selected nursing practice problem of interest. This literature search should include three quantitative and three qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your nursing practice problem.
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Note: To assist in your search, remove the words qualitative and quantitative and include words that narrow or broaden your main topic. For example: Search for diabetes and pediatric and dialysis. To determine what research design was used in the articles the search produced, review the abstract and the methods section of the article. The author will provide a description of data collection using qualitative or quantitative methods. Systematic Reviews, Literature Reviews, and Metanalysis articles are good resources and provide a strong level of evidence but are not considered primary research articles. Therefore, they should not be included in this assignment.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.
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